Child abuse.

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Which coloured ribbon is associated with child abuse prevention?

64815dd279d7b91f27b0d627_awareness-ribbon-colors-meanings

Blue.

Pink.

Black.

Yellow.

Initiated in 1989 by a grandmother to honour her grandson who died from child abuse.

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What is the SCAN protocol?

The CT Scan protocol for potential abuse victims.

South Canberra Adolescent Neglect--an intervention ptotocol in the ACT for neglected adolescents.

Used in EDs to ensure standardised documentation in child abuse cases.

A protocol to identify potential child abuse cases at triage.

It is a comprehensive document used in order to take the history and document your findings accurately. Stands for Suspected Child Abuse and Neglect protocol. Below is a link if interested.

https://www1.health.nsw.gov.au/pds/pages/doc.aspx?dn=GL2014_012

https://www1.health.nsw.gov.au/pds/ActivePDSDocuments/GL2014_012.pdf

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Which of the following responses are all things you may see in "Shaken Baby Syndrome".

Irritability. Decreased LOC, Vomiting, Seizures

Hypervigilance. Vomiting. Seizures.

Diarrhoea. Vomiting. Seizures. Irritability.

Difficulty walking. Decreased LOC. Seizures. Vomiting.

You would expect difficulty walking---in a baby. "Shaken Baby syndrome" is now often known as "Abusive Head Trauma".

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What is the bony fracture highly suggestive of child abuse especially in a child less than 18mths of age.

Horizontal mid shaft fractures.

Metaphyseal or "corner" fractures.

Oblique long bone fracturs.

Subluxed epiphysis.

Typically these injuries result from twisting, pulling or jerking of a limb.

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Whom of the following was NOT abused as a child?

Ludwig Van Beethoven (Dead German composer).

Adele Adkins (UK singer).

Marilyn Munroe (Dead movie star).

Christine Aguilara (American singer).

A bit of useless information---Christine Aguilara shares a birthday with me.

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Toddlers often fall but bruising on which area would make you concerned?

Forehead.

Knee.

Elbow.

Thigh.

Toddlers will tend to bruise over bony prominances. There are different terms of endearment around the world for toddlers such as in French-- Mon petit chou (My little cream puff).

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Talking about bruises which of the following statements is INCORRECT.

A yellow bruise is considered >18 hours old.

Bruises have a reliable time based colour change.

About 50% of walking children have bruises.

TEN bruises (Torso, Ears, Neck) are a red flag for child abuse.

Bruises are a surprisingly complex area with colour and age being very variable.

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Which of the following is a recognised risk factor for child abuse?

Full term delivery.

Behavioural problems.

Age > 5yrs.

Normal developmental milestones.

There are many risk factors. These include premature infants, children <4yrs age, poverty and social isolation.

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Which of the following is NOT a recognised "Red Flag" in the presentation of a child who may have suffered abuse?

Delayed presentation.

Inconsistent history.

No witnesses to the event.

Both parents presenting with the child.

There are many "Red flags" in both history and examination. For those interested reading further below is a link to the RCH Guidelines for child abuse.

https://www.rch.org.au/clinicalguide/guideline_index/Child_abuse/

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In Australia in 2023-24 how many substansiated child abuse cases were there (meaning investigation found the child was abused or neglected)?

42,100.

104,600.

26,400.

154,600.

That is about 7.3 per 1000 children. 1 in 32 children however came in contact with child protection system. This data is probably best looked at as a trend over time.