Hammurabi ruled Mesopotamia from around 1792 BCE to 1750 BCE. The founding of Rome is traditionally dated to 753 BCE, and the construction of the Pyramids of Giza occurred around 2560 BCE during the Old Kingdom period of ancient Egypt.

Siddhartha Gautama, also known as the Buddha, founded Buddhism in the 6th century BCE. Alexander the Great's reign began in 336 BCE, and construction of the Great Wall of China started in the 7th century BCE.

The Battle of Marathon took place in 490 BCE, where the Athenians defeated the Persians. The Battle of Thermopylae occurred in 480 BCE, and the Battle of Salamis also took place in 480 BCE during the Greco-Persian Wars.

Jesus Christ is traditionally believed to have been born around 4 BCE. Julius Caesar's reign began in 49 BCE, and the fall of the Western Roman Empire occurred in 476 CE.

The Magna Carta was signed in 1215 CE, establishing the principle that everyone, including the king, was subject to the law. The Black Death ravaged Europe from 1347 to 1351, and Christopher Columbus made his voyages to the Americas in 1492.

The Abbasid Caliphate was founded in 750 CE, replacing the Umayyad Caliphate. Charlemagne was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 800 CE, and the Viking Age spanned from the late 8th to the mid-11th centuries.

The Ottoman Empire conquered Constantinople in 1453, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire. The Renaissance began in Italy in the 14th century, and Niccolò Machiavelli's "The Prince" was published in 1532.

The Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the late 18th century, around the mid-1700s. The American Revolution occurred between 1765 and 1783, and the French Revolution started in 1789.

The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776. Slavery was abolished in the British Empire in 1833, and Charles Darwin's "On the Origin of Species" was published in 1859.

The Wright brothers achieved their first powered flight on December 17, 1903. The sinking of the RMS Titanic occurred on April 15, 1912, and World War I began in 1914.